My reflecting on reading 2

Ttechnological Change and Tthe Future of CALL

Technological determinism define as the introduction of new technology automatically brings certain results. The main distinction between hard determinism and soft determinism is that Hard determinism supposes strict causation, and it is a concept refused by most scholars. Soft determinism more sensibly suggests that while technological development does not automatically cause outcomes, it does enable new processes and outcomes.

The role of ICT in enabling change must be studied at the individual level. There are ten developments in ICT.

The expected effective of CALL is no longer a matter of using e-mail and the Internet to help teach English but is increasingly directed at teaching English to help people learn to write e-mail and use the Internet.

CALL have three stages:

First stage : Structural CALL “1970s-1980s”

Technology used is mainframe. 

Second stage: Communicative CALL “1980s-1990s”

Technology used is PCs. 

Third stage: Integrative CALL “21st Century”

Technology used is Multimedia and Internet.

Saudi Arabia has witnessed the same ten developments in ICT,and  the five areas that mentioned are emerge in the Kingdom.

 Growth in the number of broadband subscribers more than 30-fold in less than 4 years (2005-2009)

Represent about digital subscriber lines (63%) of the total broadband connections.

There are still good opportunities for growth in the coming years